This serological test detects IgG antibodies directed against gliadin protein (a component of gluten). Similar to AGA-IgA, the sensitivity and specificity of this test for celiac disease are lower than that of the anti-tissue transglutaminase (tTG-IgA) test. However, it is particularly important in diagnosing patients with celiac disease who have selective IgA deficiency, where other IgA tests (such as tTG-IgA and EMA-IgA) are false negatives. It may also be positive in some cases of non-celiac gluten sensitivity.