Two serological tests are used to detect and measure the titer of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against human parvovirus B19. These tests are used to diagnose acute (active) infection and to determine immune status (previous infection). The virus plays a role in diseases such as fifth disease in children, arthritis in adults, and aplastic crisis in patients with hemolytic anemia.