Measurement of phosphorus element (inorganic phosphate) concentration in urine sample (may be random or 24-hour collection). Reflects kidneys' phosphorus excretion rate, primarily controlled by parathyroid hormone (PTH) and fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23). Used to assess phosphorus and calcium metabolism disorders, diagnose some bone and kidney diseases, and evaluate treatment effectiveness in hyperphosphatemia or hypophosphatemia cases.