Complete Urinalysis - Urinalysis (Urine Analysis)

A routine and comprehensive laboratory examination of a urine sample consists of three stages: 1) Physical (apparent) examination: evaluation of color, clarity, and odor. 2) Chemical examination: using a dipstick to semi-quantitatively detect the presence and quantity of substances such as protein, glucose, ketones, blood, bilirubin, nitrite, and white blood cells. 3) Microscopic examination: examination of the sediment (urinary sediment) under a microscope to detect red and white blood cells, bacteria, epithelial cells, casts, and crystals.