A triglyceride (TG) test measures the level of this type of fat in the blood serum. Triglycerides are the body's main form of energy storage, produced in the liver from excess sugars or absorbed from food (especially fats and carbohydrates). They are transported in the blood by lipoproteins such as chylomicrons (after eating) and VLDL (fasting). Elevated triglyceride levels are considered an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease and acute pancreatitis.