A quantitative or semi-quantitative serological immunoassay measures the concentration of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against the rubella virus in blood serum. The presence of these antibodies at a protective level (typically >10 IU/mL) indicates prior acquired immunity, either from natural infection or vaccination with the rubella (MMR) vaccine. This test is essential in assessing immunity before pregnancy and determining the need for vaccination.