A quantitative (digital) test that precisely measures the concentration of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) in the blood serum. This hormone is secreted by the placenta after implantation of the fertilized egg. Its level typically rises during the first few weeks of pregnancy, roughly doubling every 48–72 hours in a normal intrauterine pregnancy. The test is used to confirm pregnancy, estimate gestational age, monitor early pregnancy development, and detect ectopic pregnancy, threatened miscarriage, or molar pregnancy.