MTHFR (Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene Mutation Analysis) is a genetic test that detects changes (mutations) in the MTHFR gene, most notably the C677T and A1298C mutations. This gene produces an enzyme crucial for the metabolism of folic acid (vitamin B9) and the conversion of homocysteine to methionine. These mutations affect the enzyme's activity and may lead to elevated homocysteine levels in the blood, which is associated with increased health risks.