Lipoprotein electrophoresis is a laboratory technique that separates lipids in blood serum based on their size and electrical charge. The separation produces visible patterns (bands) representing chylomicrons, very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and high-density lipoproteins (HDL). It is used to diagnose rare hereditary dyslipidemias and to assess the pattern of hyperlipidemia.