Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a protein hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. In women, it stimulates the maturation of eggs in the ovaries and the production of estrogen. In men, it stimulates sperm production in the testes. Blood levels of FSH are an important indicator of gonadal function (ovarian/testicular) and are used to assess fertility, puberty, and menopause.