A serological test to detect IgM autoantibodies directed against a variety of phospholipids. These antibodies, along with IgG and IgA, are part of the antiphospholipid (aPL) family. IgM often represents the primary immune response. Although the clinical significance of IgM antibodies is generally considered less strong than that of IgG in diagnosing antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), their persistent (confirmed) presence at moderate to high concentrations remains a laboratory criterion according to international standards.