This serological test measures the titer of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). These antibodies appear weeks after the initial infection and persist for life, indicating past exposure to the virus and the presence of long-lasting humoral immunity. The test cannot distinguish between a recent and a past infection, nor does it determine whether the infection is active (causing ulcers) or latent. It is an indicator of viral exposure and is often used for population screening and to assess immune status.